By Our Staff Reporter

Kampala, Uganda – May 5, 2026
In a highly anticipated and contentious session today, the Parliament of Uganda has passed the Protection of Sovereignty Bill, 2026. The legislation aims to safeguard the country’s national interests by regulating foreign influence, funding, and activities perceived to undermine Uganda’s sovereignty.

The bill was tabled on April 15, 2026, by State Minister for Internal Affairs Gen. David Muhoozi. It underwent scrutiny by the joint committees on Defence and Internal Affairs, and Legal and Parliamentary Affairs. Following public outcry and stakeholder input, the government introduced significant amendments, including:

• Removing the classification of Ugandan citizens in the diaspora as “foreigners.”
• Narrowing the definition of “agent of a foreigner” to focus on specific activities rather than broad associations.
• Deleting overly broad clauses on ministerial discretion and certain prohibited activities.
• Refining definitions related to foreign policy and government policy.

The bill seeks to require registration and oversight for individuals or entities receiving foreign funding or engaging in activities that could promote foreign interests against Uganda’s national interests. It includes provisions for penalties, including potential imprisonment for violations, while aiming to protect against external interference in politics, security, and public affairs.

The passage of the bill was not without drama. Opposition legislators reportedly struggled to have their voices fully heard during the session, leading to tense moments in the House.

Civil society organizations, human rights groups (such as ARTICLE 19), and some political parties have strongly criticized the legislation. Concerns include potential restrictions on freedom of expression, association, civic participation, NGO operations, media, and diaspora remittances. Critics argue that vague provisions could be used to stifle dissent and that the bill risks undermining constitutional rights.

Supporters, including government officials, maintain that the law is essential to protect Uganda’s sovereignty from harmful foreign interference while not affecting legitimate foreign direct investment (FDI), religious support, or genuine partnerships. President Yoweri Museveni had previously clarified his position on the bill’s intent amid public debate